Environment & Ecology
Climate Change
Welcome to the dedicated UPSC study hub for Climate Change, a critical and ever-evolving subject under the Environment & Ecology segment. Climate Change refers to long-
112 articles in this topic
Articles on Climate Change
Paris Agreement Target is at Risk
Jim Skea, chairperson of the IPCC, stated that the aspiration to limit global warming to 1.5°C is still possible but is hanging by a slender thread.
Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is Slowing Down Rapidly
Scientists warn that the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) could slow by about 20% by 2050 under a high carbon emissions scenario.
Climate Change and Climate Action
Introduction Climate change is an existential crisis that is already reshaping ecosystems, economies, and human survival. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) defines climate change as: “A...
Climate Change and India: Policies, Impacts, and Global Contributions
Introduction Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century, with far-reaching consequences for economies, ecosystems, and human life. For India, climate change...
Paris Agreement: A Comprehensive Overview
The Paris Agreement, adopted at COP21 in 2015, is a landmark international treaty aiming to limit global warming to 1.5°C. It's vital for UPSC GS Paper III.
Kyoto Protocol: A Comprehensive Overview
The Kyoto Protocol is one of the most significant international agreements aimed at combating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Adopted on December 11, 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, it entered into force on February 16, 2005.
Köppen Climate Classification System
The Köppen Climate Classification system, developed by Wladimir Köppen, categorizes global climates based on temperature and precipitation, crucial for ecological studies. It divides the world into five main climate groups, further subdivided by specific characteristics.
Terrestrial Ecosystem
Terrestrial ecosystems are crucial for understanding global biodiversity and environmental dynamics, forming the foundation of Earth's ecological balance. They are influenced by topography, altitude, and latitude, with moisture and temperature as primary limiting factors.
India’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions Increase Since 2021
India's greenhouse gas emissions have steadily increased, reaching 4,133.6 Mt CO₂eq/yr in 2023, driven by economic growth and fossil fuel dependence. The power industry is the largest contributor.
Reducing CO2 Emissions in India’s Transport Sector by 2050: A High-Ambition Approach
India aims to cut transport CO₂ emissions by 71% by 2050 through electrification, fuel efficiency, and modal shifts. This is crucial for India's 2070 net-zero target.
40% of the Amazon Rainforest Unprotected: Why This is Critical for Climate Change
The Amazon Rainforest, a critical carbon sink, faces a severe threat as nearly 40% of its crucial climate mitigation areas remain unprotected. This jeopardizes global climate regulation, biodiversity, and risks pushing the forest past its ecological tipping point.
GS III: Environment & Ecology
Explore key Environment & Ecology topics for UPSC GS III, including mangroves, biodiversity loss, urbanization's impact on air quality, deforestation, and India's NAPCC.