Consider the following statements: Statement I: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change. Statement II: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets. Statement III: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

1. A. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
2. B. Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
3. C. Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
4. D. Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct

Answer: A

Explanation

Statement I is correct: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement is indeed a central topic in global climate discussions due to its role in enabling international cooperation and enhancing climate ambition. Statement II is correct: Article 6.2 and 6.4 of the Paris Agreement establish frameworks for international carbon markets, allowing countries to trade emission reductions. This is a key reason for its frequent discussion. Statement III is correct: Article 6.8 specifically addresses non-market approaches to cooperation, promoting strategies like joint mitigation and adaptation efforts that do not involve carbon trading. Both market-based (carbon markets) and non-market-based strategies are crucial mechanisms outlined in Article 6 for countries to achieve their climate targets, making it a complex and frequently discussed aspect of the Paris Agreement. Therefore, both statements II and III are correct and collectively explain why Statement I is true. International climate agreements and their mechanisms are highly relevant for UPSC.