- A. Science must value the commitment of the scientists.
- B. Science is a product of civilized society and must be used for the promotion of scientific awareness in people.
- C. Industrial revolution was made possible by the advancements in science.
- D. Science must pursue truth but be responsible for social welfare.
Answer: D
Explanation
The passage contrasts the historical view of science (exemplified by Newton and Galileo) as solely about ‘telling the truth’ with the modern understanding that ‘science has a social responsibility,’ which emerged around the Industrial Revolution. The author acknowledges both aspects: the pursuit of truth (the historical perspective) and the contemporary understanding of social responsibility. Therefore, the author’s thinking is that science should both pursue truth and be responsible for social welfare. Options A, B, and C either focus on a partial aspect (commitment of scientists, promoting awareness) or state a factual relationship (science enabling industrial revolution) that isn’t the author’s main point about the *nature* and *responsibility* of science. This question tests the ability to synthesize the author’s nuanced perspective on the evolution of science’s role.