Consider the following statements in respect of probiotics: 1. Probiotics are made of both bacteria and yeast. 2. The organisms in probiotics are found in

1. A. 1 only
2. B. 2 only
3. C. 1 and 3
4. D. 2 and 3

Answer: C

Explanation

Probiotics are live microorganisms (bacteria and yeasts can form an important part of the human mycobiome as probiotics.) that are intended to have health benefits when consumed or applied to the body. They can be found in yogurt and other fermented foods, dietary supplements, and beauty products. Hence statement 1 is correct. Although people often think of bacteria and other microorganisms as harmful “germs,” many are actually helpful. Some bacteria help digest food, destroy disease-causing cells, or produce vitamins. Many of the microorganisms in probiotic products are the same as or similar to microorganisms that naturally live in our bodies. Hence statement 2 is not correct. There is evidence that probiotics can alleviate symptoms of lactose intolerance. This can occur by increased hydrolysis (breaking down or digestion) of lactose (milk sugar) in the dairy product and in the small intestine. It can also be achieved by manipulation of the colonic metabolism. Hence statement 3 is correct.