Consider the following 1. Birds 2. Dust blowing 3. Rain 4. Wind blowing Which of the above spread plant diseases?

1. A. 1 and 3 only
2. B. 3 and 4 only
3. C. 1, 2 and 4 only
4. D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Answer: D

Explanation

Agencies like wind, water, animals, insects, mites, nematodes, birds etc. are the different methods of indirect transmissions of pathogens causing plant disease.