Which one of the following is not a feature to Indian federalism?

1. A. There is an independent judiciary in India.
2. B. Powers have been clearly divided between the Centre and the States.
3. C. The federating units have been given unequal representation in the Rajya Sabha.
4. D. It is the result of an agreement among the federating units

Answer: D

Explanation

The Constitution of India establishes a federal system of government. It contains all the usual features of a federation, viz., two government, division of powers, written Constitution, super-macy of Constitution, rigidity of Constitution, independent judiciary and bicameralism. Moreover, the term ‘Federation’ has nowhere been used in the Constitution. Article 1, on the other hand, describes India as a ‘Union of States’ which implies two things: one, Indian Federation is not the result of an agreement by the states; and two, no state has the right to secede from the federation.