Which one of the following shows a unique relationship with an insect that has coevolved with it and that is the only insect that ta pollinate this tree ?

1. A. Fig
2. B. Mahua
3. C. Sandalwood
4. D. Silk cotton

Answer: A

Explanation

Fig trees exhibit a highly specialized and unique mutualistic relationship with fig wasps. Each species of fig tree is pollinated by a specific species of fig wasp, and in turn, the wasp relies solely on that fig species for its reproduction. The female wasp enters the fig fruit (syconium) to lay her eggs and, in the process, pollinates the flowers. The fig provides a safe environment and food for the developing wasp larvae, while the wasp ensures the fig’s reproduction. This is a classic example of coevolution where two species have evolved in tandem, becoming entirely dependent on each other. The other options do not demonstrate such an exclusive, coevolved pollinator relationship. This question is relevant to biodiversity, ecological interactions, and coevolution, which are important concepts in the Environment & Ecology syllabus.