31. Which of the following is/are emphatically conveyed by the author of the passage? 1. Without science, mankind could not have continued to exist till today. 2. It is the science that will ultimately determine the destiny of mankind. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

1. A. 1 only
2. B. 2 only
3. C. Both 1 and 2
4. D. Neither 1 nor 2

Answer: D

Explanation

The passage emphasizes the deep interconnectedness between science and mankind, stating, ‘Science and mankind cannot be divorced.’ However, it does not make the emphatic claim that mankind’s *existence* is solely dependent on science (statement 1). While science is crucial, the passage doesn’t suggest it’s the *only* factor for survival. Similarly, the passage raises a question, ‘Is this the inevitable result of the progress of science or does the fault lie elsewhere?’, regarding science’s role in international conflict. This questioning tone indicates that the author does not emphatically convey that science *will ultimately determine* mankind’s destiny (statement 2), but rather explores its complex relationship and impact. Therefore, neither statement is emphatically conveyed by the author. This question tests careful interpretation of the author’s tone and explicit claims.