Brief Context
In News India experienced an increase in mortality risk from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 2010–2019. Key Findings In India, overall NCD mortality between 2010 and 2019 increased by 2.1% for females and 0.1% for males compared to 2000–2010. The percentage of newborns dying from a chronic disease before they turn 80 years old was 46.7 per cent in females in 2001, 46.6 per cent in 2010 and in 2019 it was 48.7 per cent.
Source Content
Syllabus: GS2/ Health
In News
- India experienced an increase in mortality risk from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 2010–2019.
Key Findings
- In India, overall NCD mortality between 2010 and 2019 increased by 2.1% for females and 0.1% for males compared to 2000–2010.
- The percentage of newborns dying from a chronic disease before they turn 80 years old was 46.7 per cent in females in 2001, 46.6 per cent in 2010 and in 2019 it was 48.7 per cent.
- Among men in 2001 it was 56 per cent, in 2010- it was 57.8 per cent and in 2019 it was 57.9 per cent.
What are Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs)?
- About: They are chronic diseases that are not transmissible from person to person.
- Types: Heart attacks, stroke, cancers and diabetes.
- Causes of NCDs in India:
- Lifestyle Factors: Poor diet, lack of physical activity, tobacco and substance abuse drive up NCD rates.
- Environmental Factors: Urbanization, ageing population, poverty, and changing food habits play a major role.
- Other contributors: Pollution (ambient and indoor), chronic stress.
Major National Initiatives to Combat NCDs
- National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD): Launched in 2010, expanded in 2023, and focuses on early detection, management, and referral for NCDs like diabetes, heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, kidney disease, and more.
- 75/25 Initiative: Launched in 2023, aims to provide standardized care to 75 million people with hypertension and diabetes by 2025.
- Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY): Provides coverage for tertiary NCD treatment and supports upgrading PHCs/Sub-Centres as Ayushman Arogya Mandirs.
- Eat Right India Movement: Led by FSSAI, this campaign promotes healthy eating to reduce NCD risk, focusing on food quality, balanced nutrition, and curbing trans fats.
- Fit India Movement: National campaign to promote physical fitness and active living, encouraging regular exercise for NCD prevention.
Source: IE