Books play a pivotal role in cracking the JPSC exam. With the vast syllabus and competitive nature of the exam, having the right set of books can make a significant difference in your preparation journey. This guide focuses on the…
1. UGC Draft Proposes Biannual Admissions Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About UGC Draft Biannual Admissions: Source: The Hindu 2. Friction Between L-G and CM Grows in J&K Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About the L-G…
Introduction Adopted by all 193 United Nations Member States in September 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development serves as a global blueprint to achieve peace, prosperity, and sustainability for people and the planet. This transformative agenda builds on the…
Introduction to the SDGs The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global goals established by the United Nations in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. They serve as a universal call to action…
Introduction The United Nations (UN), established on October 24, 1945, is a central pillar of contemporary global governance. It was conceived to prevent large-scale conflicts like the two World Wars and to foster cooperation on political, economic, and social issues.…
The American Revolution was a watershed moment in global history. It marked the first successful rebellion of a colony against a major imperial power, laying the groundwork for the modern principles of democracy and individual liberty. The road to revolution…
The Seven Years War (1756–1763) was a pivotal conflict in global history that fundamentally reshaped the geopolitical, economic, and social landscapes of the 18th century. Known as the French and Indian War in its North American theater, the war involved…
The American Revolution (1765–1783) was a landmark event in history where the Thirteen North American Colonies overthrew British rule, rejected the monarchy, and declared independence, forming the United States of America. The revolution was driven by a combination of political,…
The Holy Roman Empire (HRE) was a multi-ethnic, decentralized political entity that existed in central Europe from 800 AD to 1806 AD. Often described as neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire, it was a unique amalgamation of feudal states,…
The Unification of Germany in the 19th century stands as one of the most pivotal moments in European history, marking the emergence of a strong and cohesive German state under Prussian leadership. Spearheaded by the vision and strategy of Otto…
Otto von Bismarck (1815–1898), often referred to as the “Iron Chancellor”, was a political mastermind who unified Germany through a calculated mix of diplomacy, military strategy, and political reform. Bismarck’s leadership, defined by Realpolitik, not only redefined the German Empire…
Napoleon Bonaparte (1769–1821) was a towering figure in world history whose political, military, and administrative reforms reshaped not only France but also the broader European continent. Rising to power in the chaotic aftermath of the French Revolution, Napoleon became Emperor…
The reign of Louis XIV (1643–1715), often referred to as the “Sun King”, represents the epitome of absolutism, a form of monarchy in which the ruler holds supreme authority unchecked by any other institution. Louis XIV’s policies, court life, and…
The Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648) was one of the most devastating conflicts in European history. It marked a profound transformation in the political, religious, and social landscape of the continent and played a crucial role in shaping the modern nation-state…
1. Polavaram Dam Project Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Polavaram Dam Project: Source: The Hindu 2. Do Not Write Off Trump’s America Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Trump’s America: 3. Economic Costs of Ban…
Introduction: The Foundations of the European State System The evolution of the European state system is a remarkable tale of how fragmented medieval territories transformed into cohesive, sovereign nation-states. This system influenced modern concepts of governance, sovereignty, and diplomacy, laying…
Introduction: Rediscovering Humanity’s Potential The Renaissance, derived from the French word meaning “rebirth,” represents one of the most transformative periods in human history. Emerging in Italy during the 14th century, it lasted until the 17th century, marking the bridge between…
Source: The Hindu (Page 1)Syllabus: GS2 (International Relations) Why in News?:India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar stated that troop disengagement in the Himalayan border region indicates that India and China are taking steps to mend ties strained since the 2020…
1. India-China Relations: Recent Developments and Future Prospects Source: The Hindu (Page 1)Syllabus: GS2 (International Relations) Why in News?:India’s External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar stated that troop disengagement in the Himalayan border region indicates that India and China are taking…
The Assam Public Service Commission (APSC) is set to release the admit card for the Combined Competitive Examination (CCE) 2025. This essential document will be available on the official website (apsc.nic.in) for registered candidates. The APSC Admit Card is mandatory…
The Assam Public Service Commission (APSC) plays a vital role in selecting candidates for various government positions through its Combined Competitive Examination (CCE). The results of APSC CCE 2025 are eagerly awaited by aspirants, as they determine progression through the…
The Assam Public Service Commission (APSC) is yet to release the APSC Application Form 2025 for the upcoming recruitment examinations, including the Combined Competitive Examination (CCE). Candidates aspiring to secure positions in the Government of Assam are advised to stay…
The Assam Public Service Commission (APSC) plays a pivotal role in recruiting eligible candidates for various administrative posts under the state government of Assam. One of the most crucial aspects of the APSC Combined Competitive Examination (CCE) is the cut-off…
The Israel-Hamas Conflict 2024: Global Repercussions and Key Insights Context The Israel-Hamas conflict of 2024 has reignited global attention on the complexities of the Middle East. This prolonged dispute not only challenges regional stability but also impacts international relations, humanitarian…
Introduction Internal security encompasses the safeguarding of public order and stability within the territorial boundaries of a country. It involves countering challenges and threats that arise domestically and have the potential to disrupt national peace and governance. Threats to internal…
Values are the principles and beliefs that guide behavior, decisions, and interactions. They serve as the cornerstone of an individual’s character and the building blocks of a harmonious society. Values such as honesty, compassion, respect, and responsibility not only shape…
Human values—such as compassion, integrity, justice, perseverance, and leadership—are the cornerstone of a just, peaceful, and progressive society. Throughout history, great leaders, reformers, and administrators have demonstrated these values in their actions and teachings, inspiring generations to strive for betterment.…
Introduction Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often referred to as the “Father of Modern India,” was a visionary reformer who played a pivotal role in shaping India’s socio-political and cultural identity during the early 19th century. Born in a time of…
The Pokhran-2 nuclear tests, conducted in May 1998, were a significant milestone in India’s journey toward becoming a recognized nuclear power. These tests not only demonstrated India’s scientific and technological prowess but also had profound implications on its strategic and…
Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, popularly known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, remains one of the most inspiring figures in modern India. Revered as the Missile Man of India, he was a renowned scientist, visionary leader, and the 11th President…
The Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) was a flagship initiative of India’s Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO), launched in 1983 under the visionary leadership of Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. This ambitious program aimed to achieve self-reliance in missile…
Introduction: The Role of Ethics in Everyday Interactions Ethics is the invisible thread that connects us all, shaping our actions, choices, and relationships. Whether it’s in a boardroom discussion, a community initiative, or a heart-to-heart conversation with a loved one,…
Ethics serves as the moral foundation of human society, governing behavior and decision-making. It is the bedrock upon which trust, cooperation, and justice are built, and it guides individuals and institutions in navigating complex choices. Ethics balances personal aspirations with…
The Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005 is a landmark legislation in India that empowers citizens to access information under the control of public authorities. It aims to promote transparency, accountability, and participation in governance. For UPSC aspirants, understanding the…
Ethics is a system of principles that guide behavior, shaping how we make decisions and interact with others. These principles operate across different dimensions, influencing individual actions, societal norms, and professional practices. Understanding these dimensions—personal ethics, societal ethics, and professional…
Here is your Daily Editorial Analysis – 21st November 2024 1. Turning Tide: On the Export Rebound Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: India’s merchandise exports experienced a significant surge of 17.25% in October, reaching $39.2 billion, marking the…
Here are the Daily Current Affairs- 21st November 2024 1. Looking Forward to De-escalation, Focus on Cooperation: Rajnath to China Counterpart Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About India-China Relations: Source: Indian Express 2. Interests of Some Getting Prioritized,…
Introduction The Ashokan pillars are monumental structures erected during the reign of Emperor Ashoka (268–232 BCE), the third ruler of the Mauryan Empire. These towering sandstone pillars, scattered across the Indian subcontinent, symbolize Ashoka’s commitment to Dhamma (righteousness) and reflect…
Introduction The Achaemenid Empire, also known as the First Persian Empire, was one of the largest and most influential empires in ancient history. Spanning from approximately 550 BCE to 330 BCE, it encompassed territories stretching from the Indus Valley in…
Introduction Digital transformation is revolutionizing the way India operates, touching every sector, from governance and education to healthcare and commerce. With over 700 million internet users and initiatives like Digital India, the country is rapidly bridging the digital divide. However,…
Introduction India’s Infrastructure Development : Infrastructure is the backbone of a country’s economic growth, social development, and global competitiveness. For India, a rapidly growing economy with aspirations to become a $5 trillion economy, robust infrastructure is critical. From roads and…
Introduction Agricultural Challenges and Opportunities in India : Agriculture is a vital sector in India, supporting rural livelihoods, ensuring food security, and contributing significantly to the country’s economy. Employing over 42% of the workforce and contributing around 18% to the…
Introduction Water security is crucial for India’s economic development, public health, and ecological balance. As the second most populous country, India faces a growing demand for water amid limited resources, mismanagement, and climate change. With 4% of the world’s freshwater…
Introduction Urbanization is the process of population migration from rural to urban areas, leading to the growth of cities and towns. India, one of the fastest urbanizing countries, is experiencing a massive shift with its urban population expected to reach…
Introduction Energy security is vital for India’s economic growth, national security, and sustainable development. As the world’s third-largest energy consumer, India is grappling with the dual challenge of meeting its rapidly growing energy demand while ensuring affordability and sustainability. With…
Introduction India’s foreign policy is the framework that guides its interactions with the world, emphasizing sovereignty, peace, development, and strategic autonomy. Since gaining independence in 1947, India has sought to balance its regional commitments with global aspirations. Located in a…
Introduction Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges of the 21st century, with far-reaching consequences for economies, ecosystems, and human life. For India, climate change poses significant challenges due to its diverse geography, high population, and dependence…
Introduction Federalism in India represents the division of powers between the Centre and the States, ensuring a balance between unity and diversity. Described as “quasi-federal” by K.C. Wheare, the Indian model combines the essence of federal and unitary systems. This…
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These goals aim to address a broad spectrum of global challenges, including…
Ethics in public administration is a cornerstone of good governance. It ensures that public officials act in a manner that upholds integrity, transparency, and accountability. For UPSC GS Paper IV, understanding ethics in the context of public administration is critical…
Here is your Daily Editorial Analysis – 20th November 2024 1. Prison Tag: On a Viable Means of Decongesting Prisons Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: The editorial discusses the potential use of electronic tracking devices as a strategy…
Introduction The Indian Constitution is the foundation of governance in India. It establishes the political structure, defines the powers and duties of government institutions, and ensures the rights and duties of citizens. Understanding its key Articles is indispensable for UPSC…
Here are the Daily Current Affairs – 20th November 2024: 1. A Thousand Days of Ukrainian Resilience Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Ukraine’s Resilience: Source: The Hindu 2. Tracking Devices May Be Used if They Aid Bail,…
Essay writing in UPSC Mains examination is one of the most critical aspects of the evaluation process. The essay paper is not just a test of knowledge but also of articulation, coherence, and the ability to present balanced perspectives. It…
Daily Editorial Analysis 📰 1. Prison Tag: On a Viable Means of Decongesting Prisons 📰 2. A Consistent Response: On Air Pollution Responses in Delhi 📰 3. Twin Negligence: On the Jhansi Hospital Fire 📰 4. This Time for Africa:…
Daily Current Affairs for UPSC Science and Technology 1. GSAT 20 Successfully Launched: A Boost to India’s Communication and Digital Infrastructure Subject and UPSC Paper Why in News? About GSAT 20 GSAT-20 Details Mission Type Communication Operator New Space India…
Daily Editorial Analysis – 18th November 2024 1. Balancing Act: Navigating the Complexities of India’s Foreign Policy (The Hindu) Context The editorial examines India’s approach to maintaining its strategic autonomy amidst rising global tensions. The challenges stem from shifting alliances,…
Daily Current affairs for UPSC – 18th November 2024 1. Supreme Court Declares Electoral Bonds Scheme Unconstitutional Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?The Supreme Court of India declared the electoral bonds scheme unconstitutional, citing concerns over lack of transparency…
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an indicator used to measure poverty in a more comprehensive way than just income or consumption levels. It goes beyond traditional measures that only consider income to capture various deprivations…
Daily Editorial Analysis – 17th November 2024 1. Balancing Act: Navigating Economic Growth Amidst Inflationary Pressures (The Hindu) Overview India’s retail inflation rate spiked to 6.21% in October 2024, breaching the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) upper tolerance limit for…
Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 17th November 2024 India Achieves 200 GW Renewable Energy Capacity Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News? India has achieved a historic milestone by crossing 200 GW of renewable energy capacity, with solar energy…
Daily current Affairs for UPSC – 16th November 2024 1. AFSPA Reimposed in Manipur Subject and UPSC Paper Why in News? About AFSPA and Its Reimposition Source 2. Birsa Munda Lives On Subject and UPSC Paper Why in News? About…
Daily Editorial Analysis – 16th November 2024 1. “Surprise Spike: On the Consumer Price Index” Subject and UPSC Paper6 Why in News? About the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Inflation in October 2024 Key Aspects of the Inflation Spike Regulatory…
Daily Current Affairs for UPSC – 15th November 2024 1. Supreme Court on Bulldozer Justice: Upholding Rule of Law Subject and UPSC Paper Why in News? About Bulldozer Justice Source 2. Lancet Study: India Tops Global Diabetes Cases Subject and…
The Hindu 1. “Surprise Spike: On the Consumer Price Index” 2. “Manipur’s Misery: On the Need for the Centre to Act” The Indian Express 1. “How the State Continues to Fail Manipur” 2. “Rising Food Prices Are Likely to Push…
New Guidelines for Coaching Centres – Government Tightens Regulation on Advertising Claims Subject and UPSC Paper Why in News? About the Issue of Misleading Claims in Coaching Centres Source U.S. and India to Hold Inaugural Indian Ocean Dialogue – Strengthening…
Medieval Period in Jharkhand Early Medieval Period Medieval Period Delhi Sultanate Period Key Takeaways from the Medieval Period in Jharkhand Mughal Period in Jharkhand Sher Shah Suri’s Influence (1534–1538 AD) Entry of the Mughals: Humayun Akbar’s Reign in Jharkhand Akbar’s…
Ancient Period in Jharkhand The Ancient Period in Jharkhand marks a significant chapter in the state’s history, characterized by its strategic importance, vibrant trade connections, and cultural interactions with prominent dynasties like the Mauryas, Guptas, and Post-Gupta rulers. This period…
People at the Centre: On the Election Results 2024 Context:The editorial focuses on the outcome of India’s 18th general election, emphasizing that the electorate’s choices have shaped the nature of the newly formed government. It reflects on the democratic importance…
Supreme Court’s Verdict on Illegal Demolitions Headline: “Supreme Court’s Verdict on Illegal Demolitions: Implications for Due Process and Fundamental Rights” Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Supreme Court’s Verdict on Illegal Demolitions India’s Economic Growth Projections – UN…
Religious Movements in Jharkhand – Jainism and Buddhism Jharkhand, historically rich in tribal and cultural heritage, has also been significantly influenced by various Religious Movements in Jharkhand, particularly Jainism and Buddhism. These religions left a profound impact on the region,…
Prehistoric Period in Jharkhand The Prehistoric period in Jharkhand is the era for which there are no written records; knowledge about this period is derived from archaeological sources. Major Divisions of the Prehistoric Period in Jharkhand Jharkhand in the Metal…
Jharkhand, popularly known as the “Land of Forests,” holds a significant place in Indian history due to its rich cultural heritage, ancient tribal traditions, and pivotal role in resistance movements against various rulers and colonial forces. The Jharkhand History encapsulates…
Jharkhand population statistics highlight its significant demographic diversity. According to recent estimates, Jharkhand has a population of approximately 40.13 million, making it one of India’s populous states. With a tribal population accounting for nearly 26%, Jharkhand stands out for its…
The General Introduction of Jharkhand begins with its official formation on 15th November 2000, making it the 28th state of India. This milestone followed the creation of Chhattisgarh (26th state on 1st November 2000) and Uttarakhand (27th state on 9th…
🏛️ “National Minority: On the Ruling on an Institution’s ‘Minority Character’ Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Minority Institutions in India: Source: The Hindu 🏏 “Distant Neighbours: On Cricket and India-Pakistan Relations” Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in…
🏅 Justice Sanjiv Khanna to be Sworn in as 51st Chief Justice of India Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About the Chief Justice of India (CJI): Source: The Hindu ⚖️ Supreme Court Upholds Reservation Policies in Educational Institutions…
📰 Counting Right: On Caste Surveys Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News? About Caste Surveys in India Background Key Aspects Regulatory or Legal Framework Current Challenges Global and Indian Context Future Prospects Source 📰 The Third Edit: Being Old…
The Hindu: Deeper Role: On the U.S. and West Asia Conflicts Introduction The editorial “Deeper Role: On the U.S. and West Asia Conflicts” from The Hindu discusses the United States’ growing involvement in the volatile region of West Asia, particularly…
🥟 “The Third Edit: The Curious Case of CM Sukhu’s Samosas” Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About the Issue of Official Etiquette and Government Perks: Source: The Indian Express 🏅 “How India Can Be Olympics-Ready” Subject and UPSC…
Prehistory: Understanding the Unwritten Past Prehistory refers to the period of human history before the advent of written records. Since history, by definition, relies on written sources, prehistory is essentially the study of the time when human beings did not…
The early medieval India (750-1200 AD) is marked by significant political, economic, social, and cultural transformations, which have posed a challenge to historians attempting to categorize Indian history into distinct periods. Traditionally, Indian history was divided into ancient, medieval, and…
🏛️ “A Special Right” Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Minority Rights in Educational Institutions: Source: The Indian Express 💹 “Unshackle the Rupee” Subject and UPSC Paper: Why in News?: About Currency Management in India: Source: The Indian…
1. The Indian Express: “J&K Assembly resolution calling for dialogue on special provisions must be beginning of a conversation” 2. The Hindu: “Repercussions of Trump’s ‘America First’ Policy on Global Alliances and India’s Foreign Policy”
1. The Indian Express: “After Team India’s Test Defeat, the Ball is in BCCI’s Court” 2. The Hindu: “The Third Edit: Remembering Nightingale of Bihar, Sharda Sinha”
1. The Indian Express: “Express View on Supreme Court’s UP Madarsa Verdict: A Learning Matter” 2. The Indian Express: “Express View on the US Election: Trump’s Historic Victory”
1. The Indian Express: “Express View: Donald Trump vs Kamala Harris: The World – Including and Especially India – Is Waiting” 2. The Hindu: “Morning Digest: PM Modi Condemns Attack on Hindu Temple in Canada; Indian Army Resumes Patrolling in…
1. The Indian Express: “Express View on DAP Crisis: Lessons from a Fertiliser Shortage” 2. The Indian Express: “Express View on the Silencing of Afghan Women: Apartheid in Kabul”
Geographical Extent of India Latitude and Longitude Quick Short Notes Category Details Continent Asia Region South Asia and Southeast Asia (Indian subcontinent) Coordinates 21°N 78°E Area Total Area: 3,287,263 km² (1,269,219 sq mi), ranked 7th in the world Land Area:…
Archaeological Sources are crucial for understanding the history and culture of ancient civilizations. These sources include artifacts, inscriptions, monuments, pottery, coins, tools, and rock art. Archaeology is the study of our human past through material remains. It provides insight into…
What is Climatology? Climatology is the scientific study of the Earth’s climate, encompassing various atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind patterns, and precipitation. While closely related to meteorology, which focuses on short-term weather events, climatology examines long-term…
The Paris Agreement is a landmark international treaty adopted at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The agreement was signed on December 12, 2015, in Paris, France, and entered…
The Kyoto Protocol is one of the most significant international agreements aimed at combating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Adopted on December 11, 1997, in Kyoto, Japan, the protocol entered into force on February 16, 2005, after meeting…
Table of Contents The Köppen Climate Classification is one of the most widely used systems to categorize the world’s climates. Developed by the German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884 and refined throughout his career, this system classifies climates based on…
1. The Hindu: “All Eyes on Baku and the Climate Finance Goal” 2. The Hindu: “India, Pakistan, and Modifying the Indus Waters Treaty”
LITHOSPHERIC PLATES / PLATE BOUNDARIES / PLATE TECTONICS Types of Plate Boundaries Comparison: Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading, and Plate Tectonics Comparison Table: Continental Drift, Sea Floor Spreading, and Plate Tectonics Aspect Continental Drift Sea Floor Spreading Plate Tectonics Proposed…
Introduction: EU’s Governance Structure: EU’s Indo-Pacific Strategy: India-EU Relations History: Areas of Cooperation: Concerns: Broad-Based Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA) Way Forward:
Introduction Objectives of NATO Relevance of NATO in Contemporary Times NATO Expansion and Russia Impact of NATO Expansion on Russia Issues with NATO NATO Current Affairs: November 2024 Overview 1. North Korea’s Troop Deployment to Russia 2. NATO’s Stance on…
Introduction: Structure: Importance of the Commonwealth: India and the Commonwealth: Significance for India: Issues: Way Forward: Conclusion: Current Affairs for Commonwealth Nations Diplomatic Relations: India-Canada Tensions 2. Defense and Security: Inauguration of India’s First Private Military Aircraft Facility 3. Economy:…
Introduction: Organisational Structure: Objectives of the G20: India and G20: G20 Logo and Theme: Various Groups under G20 India Presidency: India’s G20 Priorities: Current Global Challenges: Significance of India’s G20 Presidency: Challenges: G20 Current Affairs The Group of Twenty (G20)…
