The black cotton soil of India has been formed due to the weathering of
- A. brown forest soil
- B. fissure volcanic rock
- C. granite and schist
- D. shale and limestone
Answer: B
Explanation
Black soils are mineral soils which have a black surface horizon, enriched with organic carbon that is at least 25 cm deep. Black soil is formed due to the weathering or erosion of the basalt rocks. Hence, option (b) is the correct answer. Basalt is an aphanitic extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron exposed at or very near the surface. The black soil in India is found in the states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka.