26. P’s salary is 20% lower than Q’s salary which is 20% lower than R’s salary. By how much percent is R’s salary more than P’s salary?

1. A. 48.75%
2. B. 56.25%
3. C. 60.50%
4. D. 62.25%

Answer: B

Explanation

Let R’s salary be ₹100. Q’s salary is 20% lower than R’s salary. So, Q’s salary = 100 – (20% of 100) = 100 – 20 = ₹80. P’s salary is 20% lower than Q’s salary. So, P’s salary = 80 – (20% of 80) = 80 – 16 = ₹64. Now, we need to find by what percentage R’s salary is more than P’s salary. The difference between R’s and P’s salary = 100 – 64 = ₹36. Percentage more = (Difference / P’s salary) × 100 = (36 / 64) × 100. Simplifying the fraction 36/64 to 9/16. So, (9/16) × 100 = 0.5625 × 100 = 56.25%. This question tests sequential percentage calculations, a common topic in quantitative aptitude.