Consider the following subjects with regard to Non-Cooperation Programme: I. Boycott of law-courts and foreign cloth II. Observance of strict non-violence III. Retention of titles and honours without using them in public IV. Establishment of Panchayats for settling disputes How many of the above were parts of Non- Cooperation Programme?

1. A. Only one
2. B. Only two
3. C. Only three
4. D. All the four

Answer: C

Explanation

The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22) had a comprehensive program. Statement I is correct: Boycott of law-courts and foreign cloth were key aspects. Lawyers gave up their practice, and foreign goods, especially cloth, were publicly burned. Statement II is correct: Strict non-violence was the foundational principle of the movement, emphasized by Mahatma Gandhi. Statement III is incorrect: The program called for the surrender of titles and honorary positions, not their retention without public use. This was a symbolic rejection of British authority. Statement IV is correct: The establishment of national schools, colleges, and private panchayat courts for settling disputes was part of the constructive program, aiming to create alternative Indian institutions. Therefore, three of the four listed items were part of the Non-Cooperation Programme. Understanding the strategies and components of major nationalist movements is crucial for UPSC Modern History.